Python for文の多重ループを1行で記述(productを使用)

productについて

from itertools import product
を使用すればfor文の多重ループをまとめて1行にすることができます。

これを利用すると

for a in A:
    for b in B:
        for c in C:
            for d in D:

の4重ループは

for a, b, c, d in product(A, B, C, D):

とすることができます。

2重ループの場合

サンプル1(rangeでループ)

from itertools import product

for i, j in product(range(2), range(3)):
    print(f'{i} : {j}')

実行結果

i = 0, j = 0
i = 0, j = 1
i = 0, j = 2
i = 1, j = 0
i = 1, j = 1
i = 1, j = 2

サンプル2(listでループ)

from itertools import product

I = ['A', 'B', 'C']
J = ['X', 'Y']
for i, j in product(I, J):
    print(f'i = {i}, j = {j}')

実行結果

i = A, j = X
i = A, j = Y
i = B, j = X
i = B, j = Y
i = C, j = X
i = C, j = Y

3重ループの場合

from itertools import product

A = range(2)
B = range(3)
C = range(2)

for a, b, c in product(A, B, C):
    print(f'a = {a}, b = {b}, c = {c}')

実行結果

a = 0, b = 0, c = 0
a = 0, b = 0, c = 1
a = 0, b = 1, c = 0
a = 0, b = 1, c = 1
a = 0, b = 2, c = 0
a = 0, b = 2, c = 1
a = 1, b = 0, c = 0
a = 1, b = 0, c = 1
a = 1, b = 1, c = 0
a = 1, b = 1, c = 1
a = 1, b = 2, c = 0
a = 1, b = 2, c = 1